Revisiting Targeted Factors

This paper proposes new methods for ‘targeting’ factors estimated from a big dataset. We suggest that forecasts of economic variables can be improved by tuning factor estimates: (i) so that they are both more relevant for a specific target variable; and (ii) so that variables with considerable idiosyncratic noise are down‐weighted prior to factor estimation. Existing targeted factor methodologies are limited to estimating the factors with only one of these two objectives in mind. We therefore combine these ideas by providing new weighted principal components analysis (PCA) procedures and a targeted generalized PCA (TGPCA) procedure. These methods offer a flexible combination of both types of targeting that is new to the literature. We illustrate this empirically by forecasting a range of US macroeconomic variables, finding that our combined approach yields important improvements over competing methods, consistently surviving elimination in the model confidence set procedure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Comparison of reduction disintegration characteristics of TiO2-rich burdens prepared with sintering process and composite agglomeration process

To reveal the impact of the composite agglomeration process (CAP) on the reduction disintegration properties of TiO2-rich iron-making burden for a blast furnace, the reduction disintegration indices (RDIs), mineral constituents, and microstructure of the products pre-pared by the CAP and the traditional sintering process (TSP) were investigated. The results showed that, compared to the sinter with a ba-sicity of 2.0 prepared by the TSP, the RDI+6.3 and the RDI+3.15 of the CAP product with the same basicity increased by 28.2wt%and 13.7wt%, respectively, whereas the RDI?0.5 decreased by 2.7wt%. The analysis of the mineral constituents and microstructure of the products indicated that the decreasing titanohematite content decreased the volume expansion during reduction. Meanwhile, the decreasing perovskite content decreased its detrimental effect on the reduction disintegration properties. In addition, the higher silicoferrite of calcium and aluminum (SFCA) content improved the strength of the CAP product. Together, these factors result in an improvement of the RDI of the CAP products. In addition, compared to the sinter, the reduced CAP products clearly contained fewer cracks, which also led to mitigation of reduction disintegration.     

基于磷酸盐还原过程的食品发酵废水厌氧除磷工艺研究

采用具有磷酸盐还原功能的菌株,对模拟的食品发酵废水进行厌氧除磷工艺研究。通过向厌氧反应器投加前期筛选得到的磷酸盐还原菌进行污泥驯化、正交试验和单因素实验,确定食品发酵废水厌氧除磷工艺的最佳工艺条件。研究结果表明:经过12个周期的驯化,使投加菌株的污泥具有良好的生化和除磷性能,反应器出水CODCr和总磷质量浓度分别为319.60mg/L和13.58mg/L,相应去除率分别为69.43%和20.95%。厌氧除磷工艺最佳工艺条件为培养温度30℃、pH值为7、氮源为蛋白胨+NH₄Cl+NaNO₃,总磷质量浓度为17.5mg/L,总磷去除率可达37.96%,产生的PH₃的磷含量占总磷去除量的24.61%。     

平面上一类特殊齐次Moran集的Packing维数下界

研究构造了平面上一类特殊的齐次Moran集,通过分析其结构并利用分形几何中计算维数的方法和技巧,证明得到了它们的Packing维数下界。     

Giving up on convergence and autonomy: Why the theories of psychology and neuroscience are codependent as well as irreconcilable

There is a long-standing debate in the philosophy of mind and philosophy of science regarding how best to interpret the relationship between neuroscience and psychology. It has traditionally been argued that either the two domains will evolve and change over time until they converge on a single unified account of human behaviour, or else that they will continue to work in isolation given that they identify properties and states that exist autonomously from one another (due to the multiple-realizability of psychological states). In this paper, I argue that progress in psychology and neuroscience is contingent on the fact that both of these positions are false. Contra the convergence position, I argue that the theories of psychology and the theories of neuroscience are scientifically valuable as representational tools precisely because they cannot be integrated into a single account. However, contra the autonomy position, I propose that the theories of psychology and neuroscience are deeply dependent on one another for further refinement and improvement. In this respect, there is an irreconcilable codependence between psychology and neuroscience that is necessary for both domains to improve and progress. The two domains are forever linked while simultaneously being unable to integrate.     

氮氧化物储存还原反应中还原时间的控制方法

使用H_2作为还原剂,采用NO_x存储还原循环的试验方法,在石英反应器上研究了还原时间、反应温度和还原剂体积分数对NO_x存储还原(NSR)催化剂Pt/Ba/Ce/γ-Al_2O_3存储还原特性的影响.结果表明:存在一个最佳还原时间,在此处可取得最高的循环转化率;最佳还原时间与反应温度和还原剂体积分数相关,提高反应温度或者降低还原剂体积分数,最佳还原时间延长.     

本土化视域下影视字幕翻译策略研究

字幕翻译应通过对源语信息进行浓缩、简化、省略等减译处理,给观众提供通俗易懂、简洁流畅且符合人物个性的字幕语言,让观众迅速准确地明白剧情。翻译的难度在于文化信息的转换,翻译时应尽力保留源语独特的表达方法,诸如词语、比喻、典故、人名等应直译,以体现源语及其文化的瑰丽;不得已时,再采用意译,以达到与源语功能的对等。意译时,可采用适度的娱乐化改写或本土化策略。     

羟基氧化铁和活性炭催化异丙醇还原芳香族硝基化合物制备芳胺

将Na OH溶液快速滴加至Fe(NO3)3·9H2O和聚乙二醇(PEG)1 000的混合物中,制备了羟基氧化铁。用X-射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)和激光粒度仪对制备的羟基氧化铁进行了表征。结果表明,羟基氧化铁为非晶态,在制备过程中加入PEG1000能使催化剂的颗粒较均匀、粒径较小。以羟基氧化铁和活性炭催化异丙醇还原10种芳香族硝基化合物得到了相应的芳胺,收率为53%~80%。     

生物质焦焙烧还原低品位软锰矿及其动力学

采用生物质焦和活性炭粉作还原剂,在管式炉中进行了低品位软锰矿焙烧还原对比试验.分别研究了焙烧温度、焙烧时间、生物质焦用量等条件对软锰矿还原率的影响,对焙烧产物进行了X射线衍射分析.结果表明,生物质焦在焙烧时间和还原效率上优于活性炭粉;软锰矿焙烧还原依次经历Mn O2→Mn2O3→Mn3O4→Mn O过程;在焙烧温度为800℃,焙烧时间为50 min,生物质焦用量为10%时,软锰矿还原率可达98%以上,在此基础上导出了还原动力学方程,并证实还原过程由界面化学反应控制,表观活化能为43.896 k J·mol-1.     

基于粗糙集的数据挖掘改进属性约简算法研究

研究基于粗糙集的属性约简算法在数据挖掘规则提取阶段的应用。数据挖掘中对属性进行约简时,经常采用粗糙集,再按照规则进行提取。考察差别矩阵的定义和信息系统比较复杂且核属性元素所占比例较少的情况,改进基于差别矩阵的属性约简算法,利用差别矩阵的结构建立一种新的选择属性的依据。